Deep small RNA-Seq reveals microRNAs expression profiles in lactating mammary gland of 2 sheep breeds with different milk performance.

Micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA) is a type of noncoding RNA, and it has been revealed to play important roles in the activity of the mammary gland (MG) in some species. However, the function of miRNAs in MG of sheep is poorly understood. In the study, Gansu Alpine Merino (GAM; n = 9) and Small-tailed Han sheep (STH; n = 9) with different milk production traits were investigated. Microstructures and the expression profile of miRNAs of MG tissues at peak lactation were studied. Mature alveolar lumens of MG in appearance were larger in STH than GAM. The expression levels of CSN2 and the content of rough endoplasmic reticulum were also higher in STH ewes than GAM ewes. A total of 124 mature miRNAs were expressed, and 18 of these were differentially expressed between the 2 breeds. The KEGG analysis results showed that the targeted genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly involved in some metabolic pathways and signaling pathways related to MG development, milk protein, and fat synthesis. The findings in the study can improve our understanding of the roles of miRNAs in the development and lactation of MG in sheep.

[The effect of booster dose vaccination 21- to 32-years after primary vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine in the population born from 1986 to 1996 in Zhengding County of Hebei Province].

Objective: Aanalysis the effect of booster one dose of hepatitis B vaccine after 21-32 years of primary immunization in Zhengding Country of Hebei Province. Methods: A total of 322 participants who were born between 1986 and 1996, received a full course of primary vaccination with plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), had no experience with booster vaccination, were HBsAg, anti-HBcnegative, had anti-HBs<10 mIU/ml, completed the booster and had laboratory results were enrolled between August 2017 to February 2018. A simple random method was uesd to randomly assigned 322 subjects to two groups, receiving a booster dose of HepB derived from either Saccharomyces cerevisiae ï¼»HepB (SC), (151 cases)ï¼½ or Chinese hamster ovary-derived HepB ï¼»HepB (CHO), (171 cases)ï¼½, the dose was 20 µg. Blood samples were collected 30 days after boosting and quantitatively tested for the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-HBs to assess immunological effect. The related influencing factors of GMC and seroconversion rates of anti-HBs were analyzed by multiple linear regression and multivariate logistic regression models. Results: The 266 subjects (82.61%) had anti-HBs≥ 10 mIU/ml, and GMC was (131.63±12.94) mIU/ml.The seroconversion rates of anti-HBs in the anti-HBs<2.5 mIU/ml group and 2.5-10 mIU/ml group were 74.54% (161 cases) and 99.06% (105 cases), respectively (P<0.001).The seroconversion rates of anti-HBs after one dose of HepB (CHO) was higher than that of one dose of HepB (SC), the seroconversion rates were 87.13% (149 cases) and 77.48% (117 cases), respectively (P=0.023). Participants boostered with HepB (CHO) was the factor influencing the effect of strengthening immunization compared with boostered with HepB (SC), and OR (95%CI) was 1.91 (1.02-3.56) (P=0.042).Compared with anti-HBs<2.5 mIU/ml, prebooster anti-HBs was between 2.5 mIU/ml and 10 mIU/ml was the related factor of seroconversion rates of anti-HBs after booster immunization, and OR (95%CI) was 36.15 (4.91-266.02) (P<0.001). Conclusion: Participants boostered withone dose of HepB had a good immune response. Pre-booster anti-HBs concentration and a variety of vaccine were related factors of immune response.

SGK2 promotes renal cancer progression via enhancing ERK 1/2 and AKT phosphorylation.

OBJECTIVE: Increasing studies reported that the serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinases (SGKs) contributed to the tumorigenesis of various cancer. In this article, we are aiming to explore the function of SGK2 in renal cell cancer (RCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this study, the SGK2 expression was quantified by Western blot (WB) in multiple RCC cell lines. And in vitro SGK2 knockdown and overexpression experiments were also performed. In addition, molecular function analysis was performed using FunRich software V3. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was retrieved to verify the association between the SGK2 expression and the prognosis of RCC patients. RESULTS: We found that SGK2 was up-regulated in RCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and the SGK2 expression also increased in various RCC cell lines compared to that in the normal epithelial cell line HK-2. Meanwhile, the SGK2 expression was significantly associated with the survival rate of RCC patients. Functional experiments showed that silencing SGK2 expression inhibited RCC cells proliferation, migration, colony formation and invasion abilities in vitro, whereas opposite results were uncovered after overexpressing SGK2 in RCC cells. Furthermore, functional analyses showed that SGK2 related genes were associated with protein serine/threonine kinase activity, guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity, guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity, and motor activity. Protein interaction analysis identified that growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2), one of the most important upstream components in the growth factor signaling pathway, was significantly enriched in SGK2 related genes. In addition, the WB assay validated that SGK2 could promote the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and AKT. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that SGK2 promoted RCC progression by mediating the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) 1/2 and Protein kinase B (AKT/PKB), indicating that SGK2 might serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for renal cancer patients.

[A seroepidemic survey on the infection of toxoplasma in pregnant women and its significance to better child-bearing].

In order to find out the perniciousness of Toxo infection in pregnant women and to adopt proper intervention measures, we carried out a seroepidemiologic survey of Anti-Toxo-IgM with Capture-EIA in pregnant women who were given perintal medical care in Henan province. The positive rate of Anti Toxo-IgM was 3.38% among 4,126 pregnant women. A follow-up survey showed that abnormal birth rate was 8.20% in those infected women. We tried intervention at birth in six infected women including four on an initiative termination of pregnancy. Among the two who insisted in heeping pregnant, one neonate died of unusual delivery. Based on the study findings, sero-epidemiologic survey in pregnant women shows an important significance in better child-bearing.

[A seroepidemiologic survey on HCMV infection in pregnant women].

A survey on antibodies to HCMV-IgM was carried out with the solid-phase ELISA in 6,428 pregnant women who were given perinatal medical care in six regions of Henan Province. The positive rate was 1.1%. It was found that women of different ages, stages and numbers of pregnancy had the same positive rate. And the rate in autumn was slightly higher than those in other seasons.

[Study on carboxylated latex agglutination test for serodiagnosis of human and animal brucellosis].

A carboxylated latex agglutination test was developed for detecting antibodies in sera from 372 human and animal brucellosis. Of which 94 sera from human was detected by ELISA. The latex was chemical-linked with B. melitensis 16M and extracted with 5% NaCl. Comparing with RBPT in detecting antibodies with brucellosis, the LAT was more stable and specific; the positive or negative results detected by LAT were consistent with those by SAT and ELISA. LAT may detect both IgG and IgM antibodies to Brucella in Human and animal. It is concluded that LAT is stable, specific, sensitive and practicable for the serodiagnosis of brucellosis.